James Joyce and Virginia Woolf offer deep psychological insights into the thoughts of their characters that go beyond conventional narrative structures and characterization. James Joyce's use of stream of consciousness in his novels: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses, and Finnegans Wake, emphasizing the techniques he employs to depict characters' inner states and emotive experiences. Both chapters explore shared techniques such as soliloquy, interior monologue, and flashbacks, highlighting similarities and differences in Woolf's and Joyce's approaches to consciousness.