The shape, structure, and degree of integration of the electroactive material are important elements to improve the specific capacitance. Many 1D/2D nanostructured materials with unexpected characteristics have been created in the last ten years. Furthermore, it has been shown that multicomponent nanostructured hybrids can inherit the advantages of both nanostructures in addition to gaining from each one's unique traits. This enhances the electrochemical performance of the electrode as a whole and helps to efficiently utilise electroactive species.

The synthesis and design of lanthanide compounds have garnered a lot of attention due to the several transition modes involving the 4f shell of their ions. They are widely used as up-conversion materials, phosphors, magnets, catalysts, and time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) tags for biological diagnostics, among other applications, because of their remarkable optical, magnetic, and electrical capabilities. Rare-earth oxide and ions have recently been used as composite electrode materials in supercapacitors and batteries.