abstract

Mechanistic investigations of the pathogenicity of these diseases and the employment of various pharmaceutical and natural treatments to prevent them have focused on the inflammatory processes linked to several chronic illnesses, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. Inflammation is a hallmark of many long-term health problems; this paper summarizes what is known about the anti-inflammatory effects of natural extracts from traditional plant species that have received very little scientific attention. Furthermore, the goal is to reveal the recognized action routes and possible synergistic effects of the chemicals included in the extracts being discussed. Medicinal plants are rich in bioactive compounds that might have tremendous medical use. The purpose of this study is to delve into the wide variety of bioactive chemicals found in medicinal plants and the pharmacological effects they have. In the first section of the review, the importance of medicinal plants as potential new medication sources is emphasised. The methods used to identify and extract bioactive components from these plants are addressed in depth, with an emphasis on the applicability of different extraction techniques and analytical processes. Different types of bioactive chemicals and the pharmacological effects they produce are the subject of the sections that follow. We take a look at the antibacterial properties and potential use of bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants in the treatment of infectious diseases. We also take a look at these compounds' antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities, highlighting their promise as medicines for oxidative stress and inflammatory disorders. The review delves into the potential of bioactive chemicals derived from medicinal plants to combat cancer, shedding light on how these substances work and suggesting new avenues for treatment. Also covered are these chemicals' neuro-pharmacological and neuroprotective actions, with an emphasis on their potential use in treating neurological diseases. The study also delves into the immunomodulatory effects and cardiovascular health advantages of bioactive chemicals derived from medicinal plants, offering valuable information on their possible uses in immunotherapy and the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.